【转载】纯Linux命令安装Oracle12c

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纯Linux命令安装Oracle12c

转载地址：https://blog.csdn.net/y562363753/article/details/84108440

Linux命令行安装Oracle12c

===============================================
1.下载Oracle12c
2.配置主机名和IP的映射
3.Oracle安装的先决条件
    3.1手动设置
        3.1.1配置内核参数
        3.1.2限制oracle用户资源使用
        3.1.3安装依赖软件包
        3.1.4创建新组和新用户
    3.2附加设置
        3.2.1为oracle用户设置密码
        3.2.2修改设置SELINUX
        3.2.3确保禁用防火墙
        3.2.4创建Oracle安装目录
        3.2.5配置Oracle环境变量并验证
4.Oracle安装
    4.1上传解压
    4.2修改响应文件
    4.3静默安装Oracle
5.数据库创建
6.数据库监听配置

===================================================

1.下载Oracle12c
下载Oracle12.2.0.1.0版本，选择Linux x86-64安装包


2.配置主机名和IP的映射
vi /etc/hosts，添加配置项192.168.1.200 solang //本机ip 和 机器名称

1. 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
   
2. ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

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3.Oracle安装的先决条件
参见Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 6 (OL6) and 7 (OL7)

1. Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the
   
2. basic prerequisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.
   
3. 执行自动设置或手动设置完成基本先决条件。所有安装都需要进行附加设置。
   

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这里我们选择手动设置先决条件
3.1手动设置
3.1.1配置内核参数

1. [root@solang ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
   

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添加如下行：

1. fs.file-max = 6815744
   
2. kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
   
3. kernel.shmmni = 4096
   
4. kernel.shmall = 1073741824
   
5. kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
   
6. kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
   
7. net.core.rmem_default = 262144
   
8. net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
   
9. net.core.wmem_default = 262144
   
10. net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
    
11. net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
    
12. net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
    
13. fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
    
14. net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
    

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运行sysctl -p命令更改当前内核参数

1. [root@solang ~]# sysctl -p
   
2. net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
   
3. net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1
   
4. net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1
   
5. vm.swappiness = 0
   
6. net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_stale_time = 120
   
7. net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
   
8. net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
   
9. net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2
   
10. net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
    
11. net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
    
12. net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
    
13. net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
    
14. net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 1024
    
15. net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
    
16. fs.file-max = 6815744
    
17. kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
    
18. kernel.shmmni = 4096
    
19. kernel.shmall = 1073741824
    
20. kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
    
21. kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
    
22. net.core.rmem_default = 262144
    
23. net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
    
24. net.core.wmem_default = 262144
    
25. net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
    
26. net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
    
27. net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
    
28. fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
    
29. net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
    

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3.1.2限制oracle用户资源使用

1. [root@solang ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
   

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添加如下行：

1. oracle   soft   nofile    1024
   
2. oracle   hard   nofile    65536
   
3. oracle   soft   nproc    16384
   
4. oracle   hard   nproc    16384
   
5. oracle   soft   stack    10240
   
6. oracle   hard   stack    32768
   
7. oracle   hard   memlock    134217728
   
8. oracle   soft   memlock    134217728
   

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3.1.3安装依赖软件包

1. yum install binutils -y
   
2. yum install compat-libcap1 -y
   
3. yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
   
4. yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y
   
5. yum install glibc -y
   
6. yum install glibc.i686 -y
   
7. yum install glibc-devel -y
   
8. yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y
   
9. yum install ksh -y
   
10. yum install libaio -y
    
11. yum install libaio.i686 -y
    
12. yum install libaio-devel -y
    
13. yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y
    
14. yum install libX11 -y
    
15. yum install libX11.i686 -y
    
16. yum install libXau -y
    
17. yum install libXau.i686 -y
    
18. yum install libXi -y
    
19. yum install libXi.i686 -y
    
20. yum install libXtst -y
    
21. yum install libXtst.i686 -y
    
22. yum install libgcc -y
    
23. yum install libgcc.i686 -y
    
24. yum install libstdc++ -y
    
25. yum install libstdc++.i686 -y
    
26. yum install libstdc++-devel -y
    
27. yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y
    
28. yum install libxcb -y
    
29. yum install libxcb.i686 -y
    
30. yum install make -y
    
31. yum install nfs-utils -y
    
32. yum install net-tools -y
    
33. yum install smartmontools -y
    
34. yum install sysstat -y
    
35. yum install unixODBC -y
    
36. yum install unixODBC-devel -y
    

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或者执行以下命令：

1. yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.i686 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++gcc-c++glibc*.i686 glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libgcc*.i686libgcclibstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686libaiolibaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 make sysstat unixODBCunixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686 libXp

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3.1.4创建新组和新用户

1. groupadd oinstall
   
2. groupadd dba
   
3. groupadd oper
   
4. useradd -g  oinstall  -G dba,oper oracle         
   
5. #将oracle用户的组变为oinstall，扩展组为dba,oper oracle
   

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不必非要按照叫oinstall，和dba，只不过一般文档上就这么叫
oinstall组用于安装数据库
dba组用于管理数据库
-g 表示这个用户的主组
-G 标识这个用户的其它组
一个用户可以属于多个用户组，但是一个用户只能指定一个组作为其主组


3.2附加设置

1. The following steps must be performed, whether you did the manual or automatic setup.
   
2. 无论是手动还是自动设置，都必须执行以下步骤。
   

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3.2.1为oracle用户设置密码

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ passwd oracle

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3.2.2修改设置SELINUX

1. [root@solang ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
   

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将SELINUX永久修改为permissive

1. SELINUX=permissive
   
2. [root@solang ~]# setenforce Permissive
   
3. setenforce: SELinux is disabled
   

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3.2.3确保禁用防火墙

1. [root@solang ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
   
2. [root@solang ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
   

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3.2.4创建Oracle安装目录

1. [root@solang ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/products/oracle12c
   
2. [root@solang ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local
   
3. [root@solang ~]# chmod -R 775 /usr/local/

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也可以按照Oracle安装文档上的路径进行设置

3.2.5配置Oracle环境变量并验证

切换到新添加的oracle用户名下，在oracle用户下配置环境变量
这个时候要注意 orcl是你的实例名字，如果需要起别的名字下面所有的orcl都改成你的实例名字。

1. [root@solang ~]# su oracle
   
2. [oracle@solang ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile

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1. export TMP=/tmp
   
2. export TMPDIR=$TMP
   
3. 
   
4. export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=solang
   
5. export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
   
6. export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products
   
7. export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle12c
   
8. export ORACLE_SID=orcl
   
9. 
   
10. export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH
    
11. export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
    
12. 
    
13. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
    
14. export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
    

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使配置立即生效

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile
   
2. [oracle@solang ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
   
3. /usr/local/products/oracle12c
   

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4.Oracle安装
4.1上传解压
将下载的linuxx64_12201_database.zip上传到Linux系统/home/oracle目录下
解压

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
   

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4.2修改响应文件（修改前建议先备份一份以防不时之需）
压缩包解压完成后得到名为database的文件夹，其中包含安装文件。

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ cd database/response/
   
2. [oracle@solang response]$ vi db_install.rsp
   

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此数据库安装响应文件db_install.rsp修改的地方，参见Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) Silent Installations中12cR2进行设置

1. oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
   
2. UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
   
3. INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/oraInventory
   
4. ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/products/oracle12c
   
5. ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products
   
6. oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
   
7. oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
   
8. oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
   
9. oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
   
10. oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
    
11. DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
    

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由于安装时本人将指定保存清单文件的位置设置到了$ORACLE_BASE目录下，出现了警告

1. WARNING The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   
2. ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
   
3. 警告 中央清单位于Oracle base中。
   
4. 操作：Oracle建议将此中央清单放在Oracle基本目录之外的位置。
   

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建议将清单文件位置修改为INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/oraInventory，不在$ORACLE_BASE目录下即可。

注意：如果不想修改db_install.rsp，可以采用命令行方式直接指定参数进行安装，参见4.3静默安装Oracle

db_install.rsp完整内容如下

1. ####################################################################
   
2. ## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2017. All rights reserved.##
   
3. ##                                                                ##
   
4. ## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize     ##
   
5. ## your installation.                                             ##
   
6. ##                                                                ##
   
7. ## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment        ##
   
8. ## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate        ##
   
9. ## values.                                                        ##
   
10. ##                                                                ##
    
11. ## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and    ##
    
12. ## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user  ##
    
13. ## or db administrator who owns this installation.                ##
    
14. ##                                                                ##
    
15. ####################################################################
    
16. 
    
17. 
    
18. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
19. # Do not change the following system generated value.
    
20. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
21. oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.2.0
    
22. 
    
23. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
24. # Specify the installation option.
    
25. # It can be one of the following:
    
26. #   - INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
    
27. #   - INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
    
28. #   - UPGRADE_DB
    
29. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
30. oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
    
31. 
    
32. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
33. # Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.  
    
34. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
35. UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
    
36. 
    
37. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
38. # Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
    
39. # This is an optional parameter if installing on
    
40. # Windows based Operating System.
    
41. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
42. INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/oraInventory
    
43. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
44. # Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
    
45. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
46. ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/products/oracle12c
    
47. 
    
48. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
49. # Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
    
50. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
51. ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products
    
52. 
    
53. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
54. # Specify the installation edition of the component.                     
    
55. #                                                            
    
56. # The value should contain only one of these choices.  
    
57. #   - EE     : Enterprise Edition
    
58. #   - SE2     : Standard Edition 2
    
59. 
    
60. 
    
61. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
62. 
    
63. oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
    
64. ###############################################################################
    
65. #                                                                             #
    
66. # PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS                                          #
    
67. # ------------------------------------------                                  #
    
68. # Provide values for the OS groups to which SYSDBA and SYSOPER privileges     #
    
69. # needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the   #
    
70. # group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below.       #
    
71. #                                                                             #
    
72. # The value to be specified for OSDBA and OSOPER group is only for UNIX based #
    
73. # Operating System.                                                           #
    
74. #                                                                             #
    
75. ###############################################################################
    
76. 
    
77. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
78. # The OSDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSDBA privileges.
    
79. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
80. oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
    
81. 
    
82. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
83. # The OSOPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSOPER privileges.
    
84. # The value to be specified for OSOPER group is optional.
    
85. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
86. oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=dba
    
87. 
    
88. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
89. # The OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSBACKUP privileges.
    
90. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
91. oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
    
92. 
    
93. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
94. # The OSDGDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSDG privileges.
    
95. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
96. oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
    
97. 
    
98. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
99. # The OSKMDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSKM privileges.
    
100. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
101. oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
     
102. 
     
103. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
104. # The OSRACDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSRAC privileges.
     
105. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
106. DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
     
107. 
     
108. ###############################################################################
     
109. #                                                                             #
     
110. #                               Grid Options                                  #
     
111. #                                                                             #
     
112. ###############################################################################
     
113. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
114. # Specify the type of Real Application Cluster Database
     
115. #
     
116. #   - ADMIN_MANAGED: Admin-Managed
     
117. #   - POLICY_MANAGED: Policy-Managed
     
118. #
     
119. # If left unspecified, default will be ADMIN_MANAGED
     
120. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
121. oracle.install.db.rac.configurationType=
     
122. 
     
123. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
124. # Value is required only if RAC database type is ADMIN_MANAGED
     
125. #
     
126. # Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
     
127. # Leaving it blank will result in install on local server only (Single Instance)
     
128. #
     
129. # Example : oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=node1,node2
     
130. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
131. oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
     
132. 
     
133. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
134. # This variable is used to enable or disable RAC One Node install.
     
135. #
     
136. #   - true  : Value of RAC One Node service name is used.
     
137. #   - false : Value of RAC One Node service name is not used.
     
138. #
     
139. # If left blank, it will be assumed to be false.
     
140. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
141. oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
     
142. 
     
143. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
144. # Value is required only if oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall is true.
     
145. #
     
146. # Specify the name for RAC One Node Service
     
147. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
148. oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
     
149. 
     
150. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
151. # Value is required only if RAC database type is POLICY_MANAGED
     
152. #
     
153. # Specify a name for the new Server pool that will be configured
     
154. # Example : oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolName=pool1
     
155. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
156. oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolName=
     
157. 
     
158. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
159. # Value is required only if RAC database type is POLICY_MANAGED
     
160. #
     
161. # Specify a number as cardinality for the new Server pool that will be configured
     
162. # Example : oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=2
     
163. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
164. oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=
     
165. 
     
166. ###############################################################################
     
167. #                                                                             #
     
168. #                        Database Configuration Options                       #
     
169. #                                                                             #
     
170. ###############################################################################
     
171. 
     
172. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
173. # Specify the type of database to create.
     
174. # It can be one of the following:
     
175. #   - GENERAL_PURPOSE                       
     
176. #   - DATA_WAREHOUSE
     
177. # GENERAL_PURPOSE: A starter database designed for general purpose use or transaction-heavy applications.
     
178. # DATA_WAREHOUSE : A starter database optimized for data warehousing applications.
     
179. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
180. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
     
181. 
     
182. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
183. # Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
     
184. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
185. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
     
186. 
     
187. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
188. # Specify the Starter Database SID.
     
189. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
190. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
     
191. 
     
192. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
193. # Specify whether the database should be configured as a Container database.
     
194. # The value can be either "true" or "false". If left blank it will be assumed
     
195. # to be "false".
     
196. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
197. oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=
     
198. 
     
199. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
200. # Specify the  Pluggable Database name for the pluggable database in Container Database.
     
201. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
202. oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
     
203. 
     
204. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
205. # Specify the Starter Database character set.
     
206. #                                               
     
207. #  One of the following
     
208. #  AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
     
209. #  EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
     
210. #  BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
     
211. #  AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
     
212. #  IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
     
213. #  KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
     
214. #  ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
     
215. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
216. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=
     
217. 
     
218. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
219. # This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
     
220. # in Database is desired.
     
221. # If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
     
222. # is to be done manually, then set it to false.
     
223. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
224. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=
     
225. 
     
226. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
227. # Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
     
228. # at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
     
229. # on the system.
     
230. # Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
     
231. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
232. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
     
233. 
     
234. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
235. # This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto
     
236. # the starter database or not.
     
237. # The value can be either "true" or "false". If left blank it will be assumed
     
238. # to be "false".
     
239. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
240. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=
     
241. 
     
242. ###############################################################################
     
243. #                                                                             #
     
244. # Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the             #
     
245. # starter database:                                                           #
     
246. #   SYS                                                                       #
     
247. #   SYSTEM                                                                    #
     
248. #   DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager)                                       #
     
249. #                                                                             #
     
250. # Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended)                #
     
251. # or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended)       #
     
252. #                                                                             #
     
253. ###############################################################################
     
254. 
     
255. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
256. # This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
     
257. # starter database.
     
258. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
259. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
     
260. 
     
261. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
262. # Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
     
263. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
264. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
     
265. 
     
266. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
267. # Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
     
268. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
269. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
     
270. 
     
271. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
272. # Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
     
273. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
     
274. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
275. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
     
276. 
     
277. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
278. # Specify the PDBADMIN password required for creation of Pluggable Database in the Container Database.
     
279. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
280. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
     
281. 
     
282. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
283. # Specify the management option to use for managing the database.
     
284. # Options are:
     
285. # 1. CLOUD_CONTROL - If you want to manage your database with Enterprise Manager Cloud Control along with Database Express.
     
286. # 2. DEFAULT   -If you want to manage your database using the default Database Express option.
     
287. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
288. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=
     
289. 
     
290. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
291. # Specify the OMS host to connect to Cloud Control.
     
292. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
     
293. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
294. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost=
     
295. 
     
296. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
297. # Specify the OMS port to connect to Cloud Control.
     
298. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
     
299. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
300. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=
     
301. 
     
302. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
303. # Specify the EM Admin user name to use to connect to Cloud Control.
     
304. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
     
305. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
306. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser=
     
307. 
     
308. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
309. # Specify the EM Admin password to use to connect to Cloud Control.
     
310. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
     
311. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
312. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword=
     
313. 
     
314. ###############################################################################
     
315. #                                                                             #
     
316. # SPECIFY RECOVERY OPTIONS                                                    #
     
317. # ------------------------------------                                        #
     
318. # Recovery options for the database can be mentioned using the entries below  #
     
319. #                                                                             #
     
320. ###############################################################################
     
321. 
     
322. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
323. # This variable is to be set to false if database recovery is not required. Else
     
324. # this can be set to true.
     
325. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
326. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=
     
327. 
     
328. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
329. # Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
     
330. # It can be one of the following:
     
331. #   - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
     
332. #   - ASM_STORAGE
     
333. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
334. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
     
335. 
     
336. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
337. # Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
     
338. # files, redo logs.         
     
339. #
     
340. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
     
341. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
342. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
     
343. 
     
344. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
345. # Specify the recovery location.
     
346. #
     
347. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
     
348. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
349. oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
     
350. 
     
351. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
352. # Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
     
353. #
     
354. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=ASM_STORAGE
     
355. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
356. oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
     
357. 
     
358. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
359. # Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.                 
     
360. #
     
361. # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_STORAGE
     
362. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
363. oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
     
364. 
     
365. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
366. # Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
     
367. #
     
368. #  Example   : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=abc@oracle.com
     
369. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
370. MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
     
371. 
     
372. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
373. # Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
     
374. #
     
375. # Example    : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
     
376. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
377. MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
     
378. 
     
379. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
380. # Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
     
381. # My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
     
382. # If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
     
383. #
     
384. # Example    : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
     
385. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
386. SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
     
387. 
     
388. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
389. # Specify whether user doesn't want to configure Security Updates.
     
390. # The value for this variable should be true if you don't want to configure
     
391. # Security Updates, false otherwise.
     
392. #
     
393. # The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
     
394. # to be true.
     
395. #
     
396. # Example    : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
     
397. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
398. DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=
     
399. 
     
400. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
401. # Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
     
402. #
     
403. # Example    : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com
     
404. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
405. PROXY_HOST=
     
406. 
     
407. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
408. # Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and at least 2 chars.
     
409. #
     
410. # Example    : PROXY_PORT=25
     
411. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
412. PROXY_PORT=
     
413. 
     
414. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
415. # Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
     
416. # blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
     
417. #
     
418. # Example    : PROXY_USER=username
     
419. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
420. PROXY_USER=
     
421. 
     
422. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
423. # Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD  
     
424. # blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
     
425. #
     
426. # Example    : PROXY_PWD=password
     
427. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
428. PROXY_PWD=
     
429. 
     
430. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
431. # Specify the Oracle Support Hub URL.
     
432. #
     
433. # Example    : COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=https://orasupporthub.company.com:8080/
     
434. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
435. COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
     

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4.3静默安装Oracle
静默安装参见Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) Silent Installations，找到12cR2的安装方式进行安装

4.3.1 命令行方式安装

1. An alternative to the response file approach is to specify all the parameter values directly on the command line. For simple actions, this looks a lot clearer as you only have to specify non-default values for the action you are trying to perform.
   
2. 响应文件方法的另一种方式是在命令行上直接指定所有的参数值。对于简单的操作，这看起来更清楚，因为您只需为正在执行的操作指定非默认值。
   
3. 
   
4. [oracle@solang response]$ cd ~/database
   
5. [oracle@solang database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion \
   
6. -showProgress -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp \
   
7. oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
   
8. UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
   
9. INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/oraInventory
   
10. ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/products/oracle12c \
    
11. ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products \
    
12. oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
    
13. oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
    
14. oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
    
15. oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
    
16. oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
    
17. DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
    

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4.3.2 响应文件方式安装

1. [oracle@solang response]$ cd ~/database
   
2. [oracle@solang database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion \ -showProgress -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp
   
3. 
   
4. Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
   
5. 
   
6. Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 21922 MB    Passed
   
7. Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 511 MB    Passed
   
8. Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-05-25_04-36-06PM. Please wait ...WARNING The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   
9.    ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
   
10. You can find the log of this install session at:
    
11. /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-05-25_04-36-06PM.log
    
12. 
    
13. Prepare in progress.
    
14. ..................................................   8% Done.
    
15. 
    
16. Prepare successful.
    
17. 
    
18. Copy files in progress.
    
19. ..................................................   17% Done.
    
20. ..................................................   22% Done.
    
21. ..................................................   27% Done.
    
22. ..................................................   32% Done.
    
23. ..................................................   40% Done.
    
24. ..................................................   45% Done.
    
25. ..................................................   50% Done.
    
26. ..................................................   55% Done.
    
27. ..................................................   60% Done.
    
28. ..................................................   65% Done.
    
29. ..................................................   70% Done.
    
30. ..................................................   75% Done.
    
31. ..................................................   80% Done.
    
32. ....................
    
33. Copy files successful.
    
34. 
    
35. Link binaries in progress.
    
36. ..........
    
37. Link binaries successful.
    
38. 
    
39. Setup files in progress.
    
40. ..............................
    
41. Setup files successful.
    
42. 
    
43. Setup Inventory in progress.
    
44. 
    
45. Setup Inventory successful.
    
46. 
    
47. Finish Setup successful.
    
48. The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.
    
49. Please check '/usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2018-05-25_04-36-06PM.log' for more details.
    
50. 
    
51. Setup Oracle Base in progress.
    
52. 
    
53. Setup Oracle Base successful.
    
54. ..................................................   95% Done.
    
55. 
    
56. As a root user, execute the following script(s):
    
57.     1. /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
    
58.     2. /usr/local/products/oracle12c/root.sh
    
59. 
    
60. 
    
61. 
    
62. ..................................................   100% Done.
    
63. 
    
64. Successfully Setup Software.
    

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安装完毕后切换到root用户执行以下脚本
As a root user, execute the following script(s):

1. [root@solang ~]# /usr/local/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
   
2. Changing permissions of /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory.
   
3. Adding read,write permissions for group.
   
4. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
   
5. 
   
6. Changing groupname of /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory to oinstall.
   
7. The execution of the script is complete.

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执行命令sqlplus / as sysdba

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
   
2. 
   
3. SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun May 27 11:52:01 2018
   
4. 
   
5. Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
   
6. 
   
7. Connected to an idle instance.
   
8. 
   
9. SQL>
   

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此时数据库软件安装成功。

5.数据库创建

参见Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) : Creating Databases in Silent Mode，使用数据库配置助手DBCA静默模式下创建数据库，具体设置参见Database Configuration Assistant Command Reference for Silent Mode

执行命令

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase \ -templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \ -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp \ -characterSet AL32UTF8 \ -sysPassword Password123 \ -systemPassword Password123 \ -createAsContainerDatabase true \ -numberOfPDBs 1 \ -pdbName pdb1 \ -pdbAdminPassword Password123 \ -automaticMemoryManagement false \ -ignorePreReqs

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数据文件目录datafileDestination默认安装在$ORACLE_BASE/oradata下
注意:密码设置需要密码长度至少8位，包含至少1个大写字符，1个小写字符和1个数字[0-9]。
否则会有如下警告：

1. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The ‘SYS’ password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
   
2. CAUSE:
   
3. a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
   
4. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
   
5. ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
   
6. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The ‘SYSTEM’ password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
   
7. CAUSE:
   
8. a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
   
9. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
   
10. ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
    
11. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The ‘PDBADMIN’ password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
    
12. CAUSE:
    
13. a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
    
14. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
    
15. ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
    

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重新执行命令：

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase \ -templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \ -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp \ -characterSet AL32UTF8 \ -sysPassword Password123 \ -systemPassword Password123 \ -createAsContainerDatabase true \ -numberOfPDBs 1 \ -pdbName pdb1 \ -pdbAdminPassword Password123 \ -automaticMemoryManagement false \ -ignorePreReqs

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1. Copying database files
   
2. 1% complete
   
3. 13% complete
   
4. 25% complete
   
5. Creating and starting Oracle instance
   
6. 26% complete
   
7. 30% complete
   
8. 31% complete
   
9. 35% complete
   
10. 38% complete
    
11. 39% complete
    
12. 41% complete
    
13. Completing Database Creation
    
14. 42% complete
    
15. 43% complete
    
16. 44% complete
    
17. 46% complete
    
18. 49% complete
    
19. 50% complete
    
20. Creating Pluggable Databases
    
21. 55% complete
    
22. 75% complete
    
23. Executing Post Configuration Actions
    
24. 100% complete
    
25. Look at the log file “/usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log” for further details.
    
26. 
    

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再次执行命令sqlplus / as sysdba

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
   
2. SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun May 27 15:28:18 2018
   
3. 
   
4. Copyright © 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
   
5. 
   
6. Connected to:
   
7. Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
   
8. 
   
9. SQL> select status from v$instance;
   
10. 
    
11. STATUS
    
12. OPEN
    
13. 
    
14. SQL>
    
15. 
    

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此时数据库创建成功。

6.数据库监听配置未配置监听前执行lsnrctl status

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ lsnrctl status
   
2. 
   
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-MAY-2018 17:20:08
   
4. 
   
5. Copyright © 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
   
6. 
   
7. Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
   
8. TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
   
9. TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
   
10. TNS-00511: No listener
    
11. Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
    

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使用默认的netca.rsp文件
​执行命令

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ netca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
   
2. 
   
3. Parsing command line arguments:
   
4. Parameter “silent” = true
   
5. Parameter “responsefile” = /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
   
6. Done parsing command line arguments.
   
7. Oracle Net Services Configuration:
   
8. Profile configuration complete.
   
9. Oracle Net Listener Startup:
   
10. Running Listener Control:
    
11. /usr/local/products/oracle12c/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    
12. Listener Control complete.
    
13. Listener started successfully.
    
14. Listener configuration complete.
    
15. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
    
16. 
    

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再次执行命令lsnrctl status

1. [oracle@solang ~]$ lsnrctl status
   
2. 
   
3. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-MAY-2018 18:04:32
   
4. 
   
5. Copyright © 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
   
6. 
   
7. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=solang)(PORT=1521)))
   
8. STATUS of the LISTENER
   
9. Alias LISTENER
   
10. Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
    
11. Start Date 27-MAY-2018 18:03:02
    
12. Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 30 sec
    
13. Trace Level off
    
14. Security ON: Local OS Authentication
    
15. SNMP OFF
    
16. Listener Parameter File /usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
    
17. Listener Log File /usr/local/products/diag/tnslsnr/solang/listener/alert/log.xml
    
18. Listening Endpoints Summary…
    
19. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=solang)(PORT=1521)))
    
20. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
    
21. Services Summary…
    
22. Service “6d2bd82e6b445902e053f05313acb216” has 1 instance(s).
    
23. Instance “cdb1”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
    
24. Service “cdb1” has 1 instance(s).
    
25. Instance “cdb1”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
    
26. Service “cdb1XDB” has 1 instance(s).
    
27. Instance “cdb1”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
    
28. Service “pdb1” has 1 instance(s).
    
29. Instance “cdb1”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
    
30. The command completed successfully
    

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此时数据库监听配置成功。

启动或关闭监听

1. lsnrctl start 启动监听
   
2. lsnrctl stop 关闭监听

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至此，oracle数据库已经安装完毕了！

da11

注意：使用lsnrctl start 启动监听时，如果显示The listener supports no services，则查看https://www.swztdza.cn/dalt/foru ... ge=1&extra=#pid1161 链接解决！！

da11

注意：安装完成后，$TNS_ADMIN变量内的路径，一般没有tnsnames.ora文件，需要自行编写，这里提供模板文件供参考下载！

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